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Christians in particular will launch vitriolic claims against Jews based on misquotations from the Talmud. Here I will attempt to cover some of them so that you understand why they are wrong. Note, I almost never look at the Talmud but this claim in particular as well as others sometimes need to be addressed, especially if you're talking to someone like g.p., so here it is.

• Talmud Apologetics
• Ketubot 11b – Intercourse with a minor girl
• Sanhedrin 54b – Sex with a minor boy (is the child liable)
• Sanhedrin 55b – Marrying a three year old girl
• Yebamoth 98a – Gentile children are animals

This section is set up to handle various specific claims which tend to be made uniquely by one or a small handful of denominations. Interestingly enough I've placed Muslim/Islam Claims here – not because they are of a class less than other Abrahamic religions, but preicsely because Islam is so close to what I believe as a Noachide there simply aren't very many Muslim claims I disagree with. Therefore as a matter of courtesy I will include them here, first, with a special introduction.

• Did Jews Edit the Bible? – Some Muslims seem to say that the Jews edited the bible. This is an answer specific to Christianity but I believe it applies in a general sense here too. I will have to write an answer from the Muslim perspective later.

In particular we are interested in claims that denominations make of the bible which are not found in the bible in a simple and straightforward way. Our motto is Habakkuk 2:2;

And the LORD answered me, and said, Write the vision, and make it plain upon tables, that he may run that readeth it.Habakkuk 2:2 (KJV)

• Basic Christian Doctrine

Also see documentary_hypothesis.

The documentary hypothesis ignores the actual text of the Bible in order to justify its claims. This is bad science and also reflects a bad understanding of Hebrew in the first place. for example, Genesis 2:4-5 clearly indicates that the so-called “second account of creation” is really just an in-depth examination of the events of the sixth day. And, it ignores the very clear hermeneutical principle of exposition; as so clearly shown in Genesis 10, 11 and 12, discussing different timelines and perspectives on the exact same historical period. To draw an analogy, shall we consider the Shemites listed in Genesis 10 (Table of Nations) to be a different genealogy than the one in Genesis 11? These same scholars will translate Genesis 10:11 to state that Cush built Nineveh, completely ignoring the presence of the person Ashur and the grammar ('went forth Ashur' vs. their misread 'went forth into Ashur'). Note that Ashur was the son of Shem, who would be in the same time and place as this same Assyria (h.Ashur) supposedly built by Cush the son of Ham. This is considered to be an incredible coincidence by these 'scholars' and they happily ignore it in order to mistranslate the Bible and mis-state what it says.

When you drill down to the core of the issue, the reason why the Documentary hypothesis exists is because be people promoting it do not want to believe in God, so they do not take the text itself as a reliable witness. The thought then is, since the text is not a reliable witness, any claim the text makes which cannot be directly proven is assumed to be 'false advertising'. I.E. if the Bible emphasizes the fact that Moses wrote the five books of the bible then that statement is proof that Moses did not write the five books of the Bible. This is not meant to sound derogatory but I know of no other way to say it. Once you become familiar with the actual text of the Bible (i.e. once you actually read it for understanding) the claims of the Documentary hypothesis begin to sound very trite. Below are a few examples of hard counters to the documentary hypothesis.

The Tanach was probably written down by Moses in 1445 B.C. 1 Kings 6:1 tells us that Solomon built the Temple in the fourth year of his reign over Israel:

And it came to pass in the four hundred and eightieth year after the children of Israel had come out of the land of Egypt, in the fourth year of Solomon's reign over Israel, in the month of Ziv, which is the second month, that he began to build the house of the Lord1 Kings 6:1

Since the fourth year of Solomon's reign was about 966 B.C, we add 480 years before that to get a date of approximately 1445 BC (the wandering in the desert would have taken place after 1445 BC).

We also read in Judges:

While Israel dwelt in Heshbon and its villages, in Aroer and its villages, and in all the cities along the banks of Arnon, for three hundred years, why did you not recover them within that time?Judges 11:26

The statement that the people had been in the land for three hundred years fits with the date of the Exodus at 1445 B.C.

Therefore, according to the Bible itself, Moses wrote the Tanach around 1445 BC and that makes the bible (the Tanach) over 3,400 years old!

To those who then will discount these passages as suspect, we may point out that there is no reason to discount those passages in particular other than they give a date; i.e. we have no reason to assume they are lying. If these passages are then thrown out anyways, we can state that the people doing so have absolutely no belief that any verse in the Bible is accurate; they may in fact be studying a fairy tale. But, in such a case, why would someone devote their scholarly career to studying a document they believe to be entirely false? These scientists should be ashamed, for the very book they are studying states plainly the answer to their attacks.

• Exodus 17:14 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Write this for a memorial in the book and recount it in the hearing of Joshua, that I will utterly blot out the remembrance of Amalek from under heaven” (NKJV).
• Numbers 33:2 Now Moses wrote down the starting points of their journeys at the command of the Lord. And these are their journeys according to their starting points. . . .
• Joshua 1:7–8 Only be strong and very courageous, that you may observe to do according to all the law which Moses My servant commanded you; do not turn from it to the right hand or to the left, that you may prosper wherever you go. This Book of the Law shall not depart from your mouth, but you shall meditate in it day and night, that you may observe to do according to all that is written in it. For then you will make your way prosperous, and then you will have good success.
• Joshua 8:31 As Moses the servant of the Lord had commanded the children of Israel, as it is written in the Book of the Law of Moses: “an altar of whole stones over which no man has wielded an iron tool.” And they offered on it burnt offerings to the Lord, and sacrificed peace offerings. (See Exodus 20:24–25.)
• Joshua 23:6 Therefore be very courageous to keep and to do all that is written in the Book of the Law of Moses, lest you turn aside from it to the right hand or to the left.
• 1 Kings 2:3 And keep the charge of the Lord your God: to walk in His ways, to keep His statutes, His commandments, His judgments, and His testimonies, as it is written in the Law of Moses, that you may prosper in all that you do and wherever you turn.
• 2 Kings 14:6 But the children of the murderers he did not execute, according to what is written in the Book of the Law of Moses, in which the Lord commanded, saying, “Fathers shall not be put to death for their children, nor shall children be put to death for their fathers; but a person shall be put to death for his own sin.” (See Deuteronomy 24:16.)
• 1 Chronicles 22:13 Then you will prosper, if you take care to fulfill the statutes and judgments with which the Lord charged Moses concerning Israel. Be strong and of good courage; do not fear nor be dismayed.
• Ezra 6:18 They assigned the priests to their divisions and the Levites to their divisions, over the service of God in Jerusalem, as it is written in the Book of Moses. (This is taught in the Books of Exodus and Leviticus.)
• Nehemiah 13:1 On that day they read from the Book of Moses in the hearing of the people, and in it was found written that no Ammonite or Moabite should ever come into the assembly of God. (See Deuteronomy 23:3-5.)
• Daniel 9:11 Yes, all Israel has transgressed Your law, and has departed so as not to obey Your voice; therefore the curse and the oath written in the Law of Moses the servant of God have been poured out on us, because we have sinned against Him.
• Malachi 4:4 Remember the Law of Moses, My servant, which I commanded him in Horeb for all Israel, with the statutes and judgments.

From the Christian Bible as well, we find references:

• Matthew 8:4 And Jesus said to him, “See that you tell no one; but go your way, show yourself to the priest, and offer the gift that Moses commanded, as a testimony to them.” (See Leviticus 14:1–32.)
• Mark 12:26 But concerning the dead, that they rise, have you not read in the Book of Moses, in the burning bush passage, how God spoke to him, saying, “I am the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob”? (See Exodus 3:6.)
• Luke 16:29 Abraham said to him, “They have Moses and the prophets; let them hear them.”
• Luke 24:27 And beginning at Moses and all the Prophets, He expounded to them in all the Scriptures the things concerning Himself.
• Luke 24:44 Then He said to them, “These are the words which I spoke to you while I was still with you, that all things must be fulfilled which were written in the Law of Moses and the Prophets and the Psalms concerning Me.”
• John 5:46 For if you believed Moses, you would believe Me; for he wrote about Me.
• John 7:22 Moses therefore gave you circumcision (not that it is from Moses, but from the fathers), and you circumcise a man on the Sabbath.
• Acts 3:22 For Moses truly said to the fathers, “The Lord your God will raise up for you a Prophet like me from your brethren. Him you shall hear in all things, whatever He says to you.” (See Deuteronomy 18:15.)
• Acts 15:1 And certain men came down from Judea and taught the brethren, “Unless you are circumcised according to the custom of Moses, you cannot be saved.”
• Acts 28:23 So when they had appointed him a day, many came to him at his lodging, to whom he explained and solemnly testified of the kingdom of God, persuading them concerning Jesus from both the Law of Moses and the Prophets, from morning till evening.
• Romans 10:5 For Moses writes about the righteousness which is of the law, “The man who does those things shall live by them.” (See Leviticus 18:1–5.)
• Romans 10:19 But I say, did Israel not know? First Moses says: “I will provoke you to jealousy by those who are not a nation, I will move you to anger by a foolish nation.” (See Deuteronomy 32:21.)
• 1 Corinthians 9:9 For it is written in the law of Moses, “You shall not muzzle an ox while it treads out the grain.” Is it oxen God is concerned about? (See Deuteronomy 25:4.)
• 2 Corinthians 3:15 But even to this day, when Moses is read, a veil lies on their heart.

A common charge is that Abraham (~1800 BC) had camels, which is impossible, because “scientific research” (ex. by Albright “the domestication of the camel cannot antedate the end of the 12th century B.C.” (1951, p. 207) see source from in quote below) shows camels had not been domesticated until, say, 1200 BC (or some similar later date). Point of fact, this is like saying there are no black swans because we have only observed white swans. Point of evidence,

A cylinder seal from Syria (c. 1800 B.C.) depicts two short figures riding a camel. Gordon and Rendsburg state, “The mention of camels here [in Genesis 24] and elsewhere in the patriarchal narratives often is considered anachronistic. However, the correctness of the Bible is supported by the representation of camel riding on seal cylinders of precisely this period from northern Mesopotamia (1997, p. 121). While the riders on the seal seem to be deities, it nevertheless demonstrates the concept of camel riding (for illustration and discussion, see Gordon, 1939, 6[1]:21; Collon, 2000, Fig. 8).Apologetics Press
http://apologeticspress.org/APContent.aspx?article=4800

In fact, figurines and even milk containers in the shape of Camels have been found at Egyptian sites dating back to 3,000 BC. There is nothing strange about camels in the Bible. The evidence goes on and on;

One of the first pieces of evidence for camel domestication comes from the site of Eshnunna in modern Iraq. A plaque from the mid-third millennium shows a camel being ridden by a human. Another source is a 21st-century-BCE text from Puzrish-Dagan in modern Iraq that may record camel deliveries. Third, an 18th-century text (quoting from an earlier third-millennium text) from Nippur in modern Iraq says, “the milk of the camel is sweet.”…Mosaic Magazine,
https://mosaicmagazine.com/picks/history-ideas/2018/11/yes-abraham-could-have-ridden-a-camel/

You can read more and see pictures of the inscriptions and other evidence at http://jandyongenesis.blogspot.com/2008/12/abrahams-camels.html

It cannot be underscored enough that the people making such claims against the Bible have not bothered to check the facts, or if they have they are being logically dishonest in their claims.

This is patently absurd. Chariot wheels have been found on sunken passkeys in the Red Sea which are thousands of years old. Then there are discoveries such as these;

As early as 1904 clearly Semitic proto-alphabetic inscriptions were found in the Sinai and dated to about 1600BC. In 1999 alphabetic inscriptions were found in Egypt combining hieroglyphs and alphabetic symbols dating to 1850BC.

Petrovich found he could translate many inscriptions if he used Hebrew as the Semitic language and found many references to biblical names and events, including Joseph’s son Manasseh and his son Shechem, and another to his wife Asenath. According to the book of Genesis, Joseph was the son of Jacob sold into slavery who rose to become second to Pharaoh in Egypt.

The most disputed inscription is one Petrovich claims may actually mention Moses and the biblical plagues. He translates it as: “Our bound servitude has lingered, Moses then provoked astonishment, it is the year of astonishment.”CPC,
https://www.publicchristianity.org/moses-write-torah/

However, in their typical scholarly arrogance, this evidence is marginalized and then ignored, often in the face of logic:

Other experts say the inscriptions are certainly proto-Canaanite and the ancestor of Semitic languages, including the paleo-Hebrew found from about 1050BC, but cannot be early Hebrew because they don’t believe Israelites existed so early.ibid

So, they can't be Hebrew (even though they read as Hebrew) because they don't believe they are Hebrew – They don't believe the stories in the Bible could possibly be true, and have therefore concluded (using such circular evidence) that Israelites could not really have existed at such an early time period! This is the logic of the Documentary Hypothesis “bible scholars” laid plain.