= Nehemiah 3
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== Nehemiah 3
1 Then Eliashib the high priest rose up with his brethren the priests, and they builded the sheep gate; they sanctified it, and set up the doors of it; even unto the tower of Meah they sanctified it, unto the tower of Hananeel.
2 And next unto him builded the men of Jericho. And next to them builded Zaccur the son of Imri.
3 But the fish gate did the sons of Hassenaah build, who also laid the beams thereof, and set up the doors thereof, the locks thereof, and the bars thereof.
4 And next unto them repaired Meremoth the son of Urijah, the son of Koz. And next unto them repaired Meshullam the son of Berechiah, the son of Meshezabeel. And next unto them repaired Zadok the son of Baana.
5 And next unto them the Tekoites repaired; but their nobles put not their necks to the work of their Lord.
6 Moreover the old gate repaired Jehoiada the son of Paseah, and Meshullam the son of Besodeiah; they laid the beams thereof, and set up the doors thereof, and the locks thereof, and the bars thereof.
7 And next unto them repaired Melatiah the Gibeonite, and Jadon the Meronothite, the men of Gibeon, and of Mizpah, unto the throne of the governor on this side the river.
8 Next unto him repaired Uzziel the son of Harhaiah, of the goldsmiths. Next unto him also repaired Hananiah the son of one of the apothecaries, and they fortified Jerusalem unto the broad wall.
9 And next unto them repaired Rephaiah the son of Hur, the ruler of the half part of Jerusalem.
10 And next unto them repaired Jedaiah the son of Harumaph, even over against his house. And next unto him repaired Hattush the son of Hashabniah.
11 Malchijah the son of Harim, and Hashub the son of Pahathmoab, repaired the other piece, and the tower of the furnaces.
12 And next unto him repaired Shallum the son of Halohesh, the ruler of the half part of Jerusalem, he and his daughters.
13 The valley gate repaired Hanun, and the inhabitants of Zanoah; they built it, and set up the doors thereof, the locks thereof, and the bars thereof, and a thousand cubits on the wall unto the dung gate.
14 But the dung gate repaired Malchiah the son of Rechab, the ruler of part of Bethhaccerem; he built it, and set up the doors thereof, the locks thereof, and the bars thereof.
15 But the gate of the fountain repaired Shallun the son of Colhozeh, the ruler of part of Mizpah; he built it, and covered it, and set up the doors thereof, the locks thereof, and the bars thereof, and the wall of the pool of Siloah by the king's garden, and unto the stairs that go down from the city of David.
16 After him repaired Nehemiah the son of Azbuk, the ruler of the half part of Bethzur, unto the place over against the sepulchres of David, and to the pool that was made, and unto the house of the mighty.
17 After him repaired the Levites, Rehum the son of Bani. Next unto him repaired Hashabiah, the ruler of the half part of Keilah, in his part.
18 After him repaired their brethren, Bavai the son of Henadad, the ruler of the half part of Keilah.
19 And next to him repaired Ezer the son of Jeshua, the ruler of Mizpah, another piece over against the going up to the armoury at the turning of the wall.
20 After him Baruch the son of Zabbai earnestly repaired the other piece, from the turning of the wall unto the door of the house of Eliashib the high priest.
21 After him repaired Meremoth the son of Urijah the son of Koz another piece, from the door of the house of Eliashib even to the end of the house of Eliashib.
22 And after him repaired the priests, the men of the plain.
23 After him repaired Benjamin and Hashub over against their house. After him repaired Azariah the son of Maaseiah the son of Ananiah by his house.
24 After him repaired Binnui the son of Henadad another piece, from the house of Azariah unto the turning of the wall, even unto the corner.
25 Palal the son of Uzai, over against the turning of the wall, and the tower which lieth out from the king's high house, that was by the court of the prison. After him Pedaiah the son of Parosh.
26 Moreover the Nethinims dwelt in Ophel, unto the place over against the water gate toward the east, and the tower that lieth out.
27 After them the Tekoites repaired another piece, over against the great tower that lieth out, even unto the wall of Ophel.
28 From above the horse gate repaired the priests, every one over against his house.
29 After them repaired Zadok the son of Immer over against his house. After him repaired also Shemaiah the son of Shechaniah, the keeper of the east gate.
30 After him repaired Hananiah the son of Shelemiah, and Hanun the sixth son of Zalaph, another piece. After him repaired Meshullam the son of Berechiah over against his chamber.
31 After him repaired Malchiah the goldsmith's son unto the place of the Nethinims, and of the merchants, over against the gate Miphkad, and to the going up of the corner.
32 And between the going up of the corner unto the sheep gate repaired the goldsmiths and the merchants.
== Notes
== Cross Reference
== Concordance
== Commentary
== Rashi
==== Verse 1
the Sheep Gate Such was the name of the gate.
they hallowed it that gate with the sanctity of the city.
its doors i.e., of the gate.
and until the Tower of the Hundred Such was the name of the tower.
==== Verse 2
And next to it Next to it, near the Sheep’s Gate, each builder built.
the men of Jericho built Such was their custom, these would build here [their section] of the wall of the city until [the part] they were responsible for was completed, and then others would build next to the first construction. Such was their custom, one after another, until the entire wall was built.
And next As in (Num. 2:20) “Next to him, the tribe of Manasseh”, near him, and such is its explanation, next to the construction, and Scripture was not particular in its choice of words. Sometimes it says ודי לע, and sometimes it says וילו. “And next to them he repaired.”
==== Verse 3
the Fish Gate Such was the name of the gate.
they laid its beams They placed the beams and ceilings on the gate.
they laid its beams Heb. קֵֵֵֵרוּהוּ the intensive conjugation, like “...behold he laid the beams (קֵרָה),” [which appears nowhere in Scripture;] similar to (Ps. 104:3): “Who roofs (הַמְקָרֶה) His upper chambers with water.” The “kuf” of קֵרוּהוּ is not customarily vowelized with a “hirik” in this context because of the “resh” following it, like (ibid. 10:3): “blessed (בֵּרֵךְ)”; (Prov. 17: 5): “blasphemed (חֵרֵף)”; (Gen. 17:16): “I shall bless her (וּבֵרַכְתִּיהָ)”;(Ezek. 29:12): “and I shall scatter them (וּזְרֵתִים) in the lands.”
its locks מַנְעוּלָיו, ses verrous in French, its bolts (locks).
==== Verse 4
repaired Heb. הֶחְֱזִיק, [lit. strengthened,] to build the building.
==== Verse 5
the Tekoites They were called this because of their place, which was Tekoa.
but their mighty men the wealthy men of Tekoa.
did not bring their neck They did not assist in the service of the Holy One, blessed be He, to build the wall of the city.
==== Verse 6
And...the gate of the old [city] Heb. הַיְשָּׁנָה, the Gate Yeshana, such was its name.
==== Verse 7
a throne for the governor of the land beyond the river The [people of] the land beyond the river built a throne for the governor of the land beyond the river to sit upon.
==== Verse 8
goldsmiths That family was called by their craft.
and they filled Jerusalem Heb. וַיַעַזְבוּ יְרוּשָּׁלַיִם They filled it with earth up to the wide wall in order to strengthen it.
==== Verse 9
the ruler of half the district of Jerusalem He was the prince over half the people in Jerusalem. פֶּלֶךְ is an expression of a duchy or a kingdom.
==== Verse 10
and opposite his house his lot fell to build, for his house was near that place of the wall of the city.
==== Verse 11
a second measure Just like the measurement which his friend built before [him], so he also built like [his friend.] a second measure in the building of the wall. The expression of measure is inappropriate for the building of the gates because they have [a measure] only in the building of a part of the wall, for we do not find in the entire chapter of the building of the gates the expression of a measure.
the Tower of the Furnaces He also built a tower by that name. All these towers in the chapter were built in the wall around the city.
==== Verse 12
he and his daughters Shallum and his daughters repaired the building of the structure.
==== Verse 13
until the Dung Gate but the Dung Gate was not included.
==== Verse 15
the ruler of the district of Mizpah the prince and duke of Mizpah.
he built it he was building the same gate.
and roofed it And he laid the roof on it, an expression of a ceiling (מְטַלַלְתָּא).
and the wall of the pool of Shelah which inclines towards the king’s garden.
and until the steps They recognized these places.
==== Verse 16
Beth Zur the name of a place.
==== Verse 17
half the district From that bailiwick, the half district, he built this structure. In the word לְפִּלְכּוֹ, the “kaff” has a “dagesh,” as one says from מֶלֶךְ, מַלְכּוֹ, from עֶבֶד, עַבְדוֹ, so does one say from פֶּלֶךְ, פִּלְכּוֹ, for [if] the last letter of the noun is one of the letters “beth,” “gimmel,” “daleth,” “kaff,” “pey,” or “tav,” it is punctuated with a “dagesh.”
==== Verse 18
their brothers the Levites.
==== Verse 19
opposite the ascent to the armory opposite the place where the mighty men would ascend to the weapons. According to the simple interpretation of the verse, it appears that there was a place near the wall where the mighty men kept their weapons, as it is stated: (II Kings 10:2) “...and cities (sic) of fortification and arms.”
at the corner at the corner of the wall.
==== Verse 20
repaired Heb. הֶחֱרָה. Its interpretation is according to the context, and it is a double expression for repairing.
==== Verse 21
from the entrance of the house of Eliashib until the end of, etc. Opposite that house he built his structure.
==== Verse 23
opposite their house which was there near the wall.
==== Verse 25
and the tower that juts out There was one tower in the wall that jutted out and protruded from within.
==== Verse 26
And the Nethinites dwelt in the Ophel And the Nethinites were dwelling in that district, and they were building their district, which was near the wall, until opposite the Water Gate of the eastern side.
==== Verse 28
each one opposite his house Each one was building opposite his house.
==== Verse 30
and Hanun the sixth son of Zalaph Zalaph had many sons, and Hanun was the sixth.
a second measure Heb. מִדָה שֵּׁנִי, like שֵּׁנִית.
his chamber Heb. נִשְּׁכָּתוֹ, like לִשְּׁכָּתוֹ. He had one chamber adjoining the wall.
==== Verse 31
the son of Hatzorefi the goldsmith, and he was named after his craft.
==== Verse 32
And between the ascent to the tower and the Sheep Gate At the beginning of the building they began to build the Sheep Gate, as it says (verse 1): “...and they built the Sheep Gate, etc.” So did they build the wall all around, one after the other.
==== Verse 34
before his brethren and the army of Samaria before his brethren and the army of Samaria, who were the adversaries of Judea.
What are the Jews Why are the Jews doing this?
the feeble Heb. הָאֲמֵלָלִִים, a term denoting weakness and feebleness.
Will they let them Do they think that the heathens will allow them to build?
Will they sacrifice Will they constantly slaughter their sacrifices for themselves as they think?
Will they finish in one day Will they complete the work that they started in one day? That is to say that the heathens will not permit them to complete their building.
Will they revive Will they revive and repair and restore stones to their previous state to be harder and stronger than the dust?
from the heaps Heb. מֵעֲרֵמוֹת, a term denoting heaps and mounds.
for they are burnt The stones were burnt and have become dust. So did they jeer and ridicule the building of the wall, which they were building from the burnt stones that had fallen to the earth from the fire when Jerusalem was burned.
==== Verse 35
And Tobiah the Ammonite was beside him Tobiah was beside Sanballat.
and he said And so he was saying and ridiculing.
Even what they build even this building that they are building.
if a fox comes up on the building to breach the wall of the city, what will become of it? That is to say that the building cannot be repaired, and whoever wishes, can come and break into it.
==== Verse 36
Hearken, our God When I heard their ridicule of us, I prayed this prayer.
in a land of captivity that they be exiled from the land as we were exiled.
==== Verse 37
And do not conceal Heb. וְאַל תְּכַס, like וְאַל תְּכַסֶה, similar to (Prov. 25:9): “...but do not divulge (תְּגָל) another’s secret,” like תְּגַלֶה.
for they have provoked that they have provoked the builders to ridicule them.
==== Verse 38
was built Heb. וַתִּקָשֵּׁר, lit. it was bound. When the wall was bound up and built to its half, the people were eager and anxious to complete their building of it.